IELTS vocabulary: what to learn and how
CEFR B1–C2
A practical guide to the vocabulary behind a good IELTS band score — the exam format, the topics that keep coming up and the word lists to study first.
IELTS (International English Language Testing System) is one of the most widely accepted English tests for study, work and migration. It is jointly owned by the British Council, IDP and Cambridge University Press & Assessment.
There are two versions. IELTS Academic is for university study and professional registration; IELTS General Training is for work, training and migration. Both are scored in bands from 0 to 9, and vocabulary — called Lexical Resource — is one of the four criteria in Writing and Speaking.
How the exam works
- Listening
- About 30 minutes. Four recordings: everyday conversations and talks, then academic discussions and a lecture.
- Reading
- 60 minutes. Three long texts in Academic; shorter everyday and work texts in General Training.
- Writing
- 60 minutes. Two tasks: describing a chart or writing a letter, then an essay giving your opinion.
- Speaking
- 11–14 minutes, face to face with an examiner: an interview, a short talk on a card topic and a discussion.
Topics that come up most
- Education and learning
- Environment and climate
- Technology and the internet
- Health and lifestyle
- Work, careers and the economy
- Cities, transport and housing
Free word lists for this exam
Study these lists in order. Each has 25 words with meanings, example sentences and a short practice.
A four-week vocabulary plan
- Week 1
Learn the Academic Word List core: 10 new words a day, review every day.
- Week 2
Add linking words and collocations; use five of them in a short practice essay.
- Week 3
Study the IELTS topic list and describe a chart aloud using the new words.
- Week 4
Review everything due, write two timed essays and note the words you were missing.
Not sure where to start?
Take the free vocabulary level test. In about five minutes you get an estimated CEFR level and the lists to study next.
Questions about this exam
How many words do I need for IELTS?
There is no official number. For band 6–7, aim to use a broad range of common academic words accurately, with natural collocations, rather than memorising rare words.
Is IELTS vocabulary the same for Academic and General Training?
The Listening and Speaking parts are the same. Reading and Writing differ: Academic uses more academic vocabulary, General Training more everyday and work language.
Can WordNest prepare me for IELTS?
WordNest helps with the vocabulary part: learning and reviewing words with spaced repetition. It is not a full IELTS course and is not affiliated with the IELTS partners.
WordNest is not affiliated with the exam board. Formats, fees and dates change — always check the official website before you book.
Study exam vocabulary every day
Create a free account, add the lists to your decks and review a few minutes a day with spaced repetition.
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